活性污泥污水处理厂硝化细菌的组成和丰度

Composition and Abundance of Nitrifying Bacterial Populations in Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Plants

采用荧光原位杂交技术对昆明3个不同工艺流程的城市污水处理厂活性污泥微生物群落中的硝化细菌的组成和丰度进行了研究．结果表明，3个污水处理厂微生物群落中都含有β-变形菌纲（p—Proteobacteria）的氨氧化细菌、亚硝化螺菌属（Nitrosospira）的亚硝化细菌和硝化螺旋菌门（Nitrospira）的亚硝化细菌．它们的丰度范围分别在1．9％-4．2％，2．4％-4．1％和0．3％-0．7％之间，它们是污水处理厂中起主要作用的硝化作用菌群．这些由基因探针标记的氨氧化和亚硝化菌群的丰度在不同污水处理厂中存在不同程度的差异，污水处理工艺的不同是造成丰度差异的主要原因，但具体的影响机理还有待于进一步研究．

Abstract： The composition and abundance of nitrifying bacteria in three Kunming activated sludge wastewater treatment plants were investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The result showed that there exist Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria belonging to β - Proteobacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria belonging to genus Nitrosospira of β - Proteobacteria and phylum. Nitrospira were detected with abundances ranging from 1.9%-4.2% , 2.4%-4. l% and 0, 3%-0.7% respectively. They are the main nitrifying bacterial populations playing the major part in the sludge treatment plants. The abundances of these probe-defined ammonia-and nitrite-oxidizing populations varied in different wastewater treatment plants. This is mainly due to the difference in activated sludge processes used. However, the detail mechanism behind this has to be further investigated.