民族旅游地“主客”对旅游社会文化影响感知的对比研究

A comparative study of resident and tourist's perceptions of tourism socio-cultural impacts in ethnic tourism destination

发展旅游给民族地区社会文化带来很多冲击。居民和游客是旅游业的两大主体,其对旅游发展的感知能深刻反映旅游的品质并左右其发展趋势。然而他们往往对有形民族文化资源比较重视,对抽象的文化资源缺乏认识,这种认识上的偏颇影响到对民族文化资源的保护。文章以西南四个典型的少数民族旅游地为例,定量分析了"主客"对旅游社会文化影响的感知差异性和趋同性。结果表明:游客对旅游社会文化影响的感知比居民强;双方的感知重点体现在物质文化层的正面感知上,在负面影响上的感知差异较大;不同特征的"主客"对该影响的感知也存在差异。文章据此提出正确引导、调控和疏导"主客"行为,减少负面影响的相关建议。

The development of tourism has brought a lot of impacts to the social cuhure in ethnic minority regions. Residents and tourists are the two principal parts of tourism, and their perception of the tourism development can deeply reflect tourism quality and govern its developmental trend. However, they tend to pay more attention to the tangible national culture resources, but lack of the understanding of the abstract national cultural resources; this biased perception affects the protection of national cultural resources. Taking the four typical southwest ethnic tourism destinations as an example, this paper analyzes quantitatively the resident and tourist＇s perceived difference and convergence of tourism socio-cuhural impacts. The results show that tourists＇ perception of socio-cuhural impacts is stronger than residents＇, and both sides lay a lot of emphases on positive impacts of material culture, but they have large difference in negative impacts; the perception of different characteristics of ＂resident-tourist＂ is also different. This paper puts forward some relevant recommendations accordingly to guide, regulate, control resident and tourist＇s behavior and reduce the negative socio-cuhural impacts.