肺移植术后患者感知的ICU环境压力源与压力反应的调查研究

Perception of environmental stressors in ICU and the stress response of patients after lung transplantation

目的 调查肺移植术后患者感知的ICU环境压力源与产生的压力反应,以便将可以控制的压力源降到最低点,减少对患者造成的不良影响.方法 采用一般资料调查表、ICU环境压力源量表、急性生理学及慢性健康状况评分、医院焦虑抑郁量表、医学应对问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表对37例入我院心肺ICU治疗的肺移植术后患者进行调查.结果 肺移植患者ICU环境压力源量表总得分为（110.58±14.25）分,患者感知程度最大的5种压力源是“不能入睡”“疼痛”“想念家人”“口腔插管或气管切开插管”“被管道束缚”;面对压力源其多采取“回避”和“屈服”应对方式;患者焦虑、抑郁发生率分别为37.84％、32.43％,并存在严重的睡眠剥夺现象.结论 肺移植术后患者感知的ICU环境压力源及产生的压力反应程度较重,护理人员应采取有效措施降低这些压力源和压力反应,以利于患者早日康复.

Objective To survey the perception of environmental stressors in ICU and the stress response of patients after lung transplantation,then we can control the stressors to a minimum point and reduce the adverse impact on patients.Methods 37 patients after lung transplantation in ICU were surveyed using ＂General Information Survey＂,＂ICUESS＂,＂APACHE Ⅱ ＂,＂Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale＂,＂MCMQ＂ and ＂PSQI＂.Results The total score of ICUESS was （110.58±14.25）.The five most important stressors perceived by patients were ＂Can not sleep＂,＂Pain＂,＂Miss family＂,＂Having tubes in mouth or tracheotomy＂,＂Bound by the pipeline＂.Most patients used ＂evasive＂ and ＂surrender＂ coping style,the incidence of anxiety and depression were 37.84% and 32.43%,and there was a serious sleep deprivation.Conclusions The perception of environmental stressors in ICU and the stress response of patients after lung transplantation were serious.In order to facilitate early rehabilitation of patients,nurses should take effective measures to reduce these stressors and stress response.