全纳背景下幼儿教师的专业技能探讨

Exploration of Preschool Teachers' Professional Skills in Inclusive Settings

随着学前全纳教育的开展,很多幼儿教师在面对班级中有特殊需要的幼儿时感觉专业技能缺乏。在创设环境时,教师要时刻考虑特殊幼儿需求,使环境具有安全性、参与性、创造性和接纳性;在设计活动时,教师在活动计划、材料选择、任务分析及分组等方面都要考虑特殊幼儿;在开展活动时,教师在站位、讲解与示范、提问、倾听、引导和反馈、鼓励与赞扬等方面也要考虑特殊幼儿。在全纳班级中教师需合理运用专业技能,适当调整教育活动组织的策略,从而满足特殊幼儿的需要,让每个幼儿都能从教育活动中受益。

With the development of inclusive education in kindergartens,many preschool teachers say that they feel they are lack of professional skills while facing children with special needs. While creating the study environment,the teacher should always consider children＇s spe- cial needs in order to provide students with safe a creative and inclusive environment where there is much participation. While designing activities, the teacher should pay attention to children＇s special needs in their activity planning, material selection, task analysis and grouping. In educational activities, teachers＇ position, explanation, demonstration, questioning, listening, instructing, feedback, encouragement and praise should also be adjusted to the special needs of children. Preschool teachers need to apply professional skills and appropriately adjust their strategies to organize educational activities in order to meet the needs of special children,and only in this way can every child benefit from these educational activities.