英美女性生活质量改进及制度供给的现状与特点

The Improvement of Anglo-American Women's Life Quality and Status and the Characteristics of Institutional Supply

女性生活质量问题并非是中国独有的问题,国外在文化、习俗、经济、社会等方面同我国存在较大差异,但在女性问题上存在诸多的共通之处。从西方国家对女性生活质量制度供给的发展历程和经验上来看,他们都受到了不同制度环境的影响与制约,制度供给的动力机制和强弱程度都存在差异,进而影响到具体的举措。英国女性生活质量制度供给是一种双向动力机制,注重女性生活质量的微观领域和在制度供给与设计上通过创新机制来解决具体问题,而美国由于缺乏正式制度供给和由上至下的推动力,逐渐形成了一套依靠非政府、非官方的民间组织由下至上的补充供给方式。

The issue of women＇s life quality is not a unique one to China. There is lots of common ground on women＇s issues domestically and overseas despite a big difference in culture, customs, economy and society, etc. between western countries and China. Women＇s life quality in Western countries is affected by and subjected to different institutional environment, considering its development process and experience. Therefore, there are differences in their institutional mechanisms and supply strength, further affecting the specific initiatives. British institutional supply mode of women＇s life quality is a two-way mechanism which attaches more importance to the microscopic fields and innovative mechanisms of institutional supply ＆ design with aim in solving the specific problems; while U.S. has gradually formed a supplementary supply mode which relies on the non-governmental civil organizations from the bottom of social life, due to the lack of formal institutional supply and the top-down driving force.