山西省地方花生品种农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Shanxi Peanut Landrace Based on Agronomic Traits

以84份来自山西不同地方的品种为材料,对其农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在考察的8个性状中,变异系数最大的是抗旱性,为0.32,最小的是出米率,为0.05;多样性比较丰富的是主茎高、单株饱果数和出米率,分别为2.03,2.02,2.02,多样性最低的为抗旱性,为0.96。采用Ward法对地方品种进行了聚类,在平均欧式距离D2为5时将其分为了三大类群,其中,同一地理来源地方品种的亲缘关系并不是最近的,大粒品种与小粒品种在三大类群中交叉出现,表明山西省地方品种间亲缘关系与地理来源和籽粒大小关系不大;也不是同一类型的所有地方品种都能聚到一起,有个别品种聚到了不同类群中,说明并不是所有同一类型的品种的亲缘关系最近,表明山西省花生地方品种具有丰富的遗传多样性。

The genetic diversity of 84 samples of peanut landrace in Shanxi was studied based on agronomic traits. The results showed that the coefficient of variation ranging from drought resistance 0.32 to shelling percentage 0.05 among the 8 tested agronomic traits. The diversity is rich in the main stem height 2.03, pod number per plant 2.02, shelling percentage 2.02, and the lowest drought resistance 0.96. Based on agronomic traits, 84 materials were clustered into 3 groups in the mean euclidean distance D2= 5. Phylogenetic relationships among local varieties of the same geographical origin is not the lowest, and large-seeded and small-seeded varieties are alternatively reflected in three groups. It suggests that the seed size and the geographic origin seemed not related with the pedigree among Shanxi local varieties. All local varieties of the same type do not get together, it means that not all the same type of phylogenetic relationship was close. The result showed that the peanut landraces in Shanxi have a rich genetic diversity.