甜樱桃枝类组成及其对产量形成的影响

The Effects of Shoots Constitute on the Yield of Sweet Cherry

为探明甜樱桃枝类组成对产量的影响,并为整形修剪和丰产栽培提供依据。采用常规方法,调查了14个甜樱桃品种的坐果率、短果枝比例、花束状果枝比例等树体参数及单株产量,并对调查数据进行了相关分析、二次多项逐步回归分析等。结果表明,坐果率与甜樱桃产量之间呈正相关关系,相关系数达极显著水平;坐果率,中、长果枝及花束状果枝比例对产量起正效应作用;花芽叶芽比例对产量起负效应作用。研究证明,选择栽培坐果率高的优良品种是甜樱桃获得高产的先决条件;培育足够多的短果枝和花束状果枝才能使甜樱桃获得高产;在丰产树的树体结构中,长果枝∶中果枝∶短果枝∶花束状果枝的优化结构比例关系约为3∶1∶8∶40。

The effects of fruit setting and shoots constitute in which fruitting branchlet spur and bouquet branchlet was included on the sweet cherry yield of fourteen varietys was investigated with conventional method in cherry orchard in Institude of Pomology, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences located in Jinzhong city of Shanxi province to provide the foundation of pruning and the high-yield cultivation. The computing of correlation analysis, quadratic polynomial stepwise regression analysis and optimizing was employed for the investigated date. The results showed that the relationship of fruit setting and the sweet cherry yield was positively correlated and the correlation coefficient reached an extremely remarkable level, the effect of bouquet branchlet on the yield was enhanced with dosage increasing and the effect of the rate of blossom bud to leafbud was opposite. It was demonstrated that the high-fruit setting sweet cherry varietys was planned and abundant bouquet branchlet was very important for the high-yield cultivation and the optimal rate of shoots constitute of long fruit shoots, moderate length fruit shoots, fruit spur and bouquet branchlet was 3∶1∶8∶40.