云南不同海拔条件和播期对‘2301S’产量及其构成因子的影响

Effect of Different Altitude and Sowing Dateon the Yield and Its Components of ‘2301S' in Yunnan Province

2301S是安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所选育的籼型温敏核不育系。为解决温敏型水稻核不育系繁殖中存在的问题,以2301S为材料,利用云南低纬度高海拔的特殊生态气候优势,根据温敏水稻核不育系2301S的育性敏感期以及抽穗扬花期对温度的要求进行繁殖试验基地的选择。研究不同海拔和播期对2301S繁殖产量及其构成因子的影响。结果显示:对于产量而言,不同海拔条件下2301S的最佳播种时期也存在差异,当海拔为1429 m和1532 m时,2301S的理论产量随播种时期的延迟先增加后降低,在海拔1429 m时,4月24日最适合播种,但在海拔1532 m时,4月14日则最适合播种;当海拔为1631 m和1663 m时,2301S的理论产量随播种时期的延迟而降低,4月4日则最适合播种。通过方差分析可知,海拔和播期及其两者的互作对2301S的产量及构成因子单株有效穗、实粒数、结实率和千粒重产生极显著的影响,海拔和播期对2301S总粒数的影响均达到极显著水平,而两者的互作效应不显著。结果说明,在低海拔地区延期播种和高海拔地区提前播种有利于其增产。本研究可以为解决其他低温敏水稻两系核不育系繁殖中存在的问题提供参考依据。

2301S is the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile fI＇GM3） lndlca line, wnlcn was oreo oy me ruce Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences. To solve the problems existing in the Thermo- sensitive genie male sterile line breeding of rice, this study took 2301S as material, used special ecological advantages of Yunnan with low latitude and high altitude, reproduction test base selection according to the requirements of rice low temperature sensitive genie male sterile line 2301S fertility sensitive stage and flowering stage on the temperature of. This paper studied the effects of different altitudes and sowing date on the reproduction yield and its components of 2301S. For the yield, the results showed that the optimal sowing date of 2301S was different under different altitude conditions. When at the elevations of 1429 m and 1532 m, the theoretical yield of 2301S with sowing date delayed first increased and then decreased, at the altitude of 1429 m, April 24th was the most suitable for planting. But at the altitude of 1532 m, the most suitable sowing date was on April 14th. While at the altitudes of 1631 m and 1663 m, the theoretical yield of 2301S decreased with delayed sowing date, April 4th was the most suitable for planting. By the analysis of variance could be learned, the altitudes, sowing dates and its interactions had very significant effects on the yield and its components of 2301S, such as effective panicle per plant, solid spikelets, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight. The factors of altitudes and sowing dates had significant effects on the total spikelets of 2301S. The effects of altitudes and sowing dates on total spikelets of 2301S reached significant level, but its interactions effect was not significant. The results indicated that, at the low altitudes of deferred sowing and the high altitudes of early so^ng, which was beneficial to production of 2301S. This study could be reference for solving breeding problems of other low temperature sensitive genic male sterile rice.