菊花种苗蓟马种类和西花蓟马种群季节动态

Species of Thrips and Seasonal Population Dynamics of Western Flower Thrips on Chrysanthemum Seedling

2012年1—12月在云南省昆明市嵩明县花卉示范园区,系统调查了菊花种苗种植场种植的不同菊花种苗上的蓟马种类,同时利用蓝板监测了西花蓟马的种群动态。在主要菊花品种‘神马’、‘农白扇’、‘富士’、‘优香’、‘寄之空’、‘金扇’、‘精の一世’等上,共采集蓟马成虫标本558头,经鉴定有西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)、烟蓟马(Thrips tabaci)、棕榈蓟马(Thrips palmi)、黄胸蓟马(Thrips hawaiiensis),其中西花蓟马(F.occidentalis)共采集到544头,占绝对优势,所占比例达97.5%。不同菊花种苗上的蓟马种类稍有不同,其中西花蓟马在调查的菊花种苗上均有采集到,而棕榈蓟马仅在‘寄之空’和‘精の一世’上采集到,烟蓟马和黄胸蓟马仅在‘寄之空’上采集到。西花蓟马的种群季节动态调查结果显示,西花蓟马在菊花种苗上的发生高峰期为4月末至6月初,西花蓟马在不同品种菊花种苗上的数量变化趋势存在差异,但在整个调查过程中不同品种上的虫量差异不显著。而定植于不同棚中、不同定植时间的同一品种菊花种苗在同一时间段内西花蓟马的数量差异显著,定植日期较早的棚内西花蓟马的虫量高于定植日期晚的棚中的虫量。本研究结果为菊花种苗蓟马的综合防治提供基础信息。

The thrips species on different varieties of chrysanthemum seedling in Flower Demonstration Garden of Songming County in Yunnan Province were systematically surveyed,and the population dynamics of the western flower thrips was surveyed by the blue sticky card from January to December in 2012.On different varieties of chrysanthemum seedling such as ‘ Shenma’,‘ Nongbaishan’,‘ Fuji’,‘Youxiang’,‘Jizhikong’,‘Jinshan’,‘SEI NO ISSEI’,558 thrips adults were collected,representing four species,that were Frankliniellla occidentalis,Thrips tabaci,Thrips palmi and Thrips hawaiiensis.F.occidentalis was the predominant species,544 thrips adults were collected,occupying 97.5%.Thrips species on different chrysanthemum seedlings were slightly different,and F.occidentalis were collected on all investigated chrysanthemum seedlings,but Thrips palmi was only collected on ‘ Jizhikong’ and ‘SEI No ISSEI’,Thrips tabaci and Thrips hawaiiensis were only collected on ‘ Jizhikong’.Seasonal fluctuation indicates that the population of F.occidentalis reached fastigium range from late April to early June.The change trend of F.occidentalis on different varieties of chrysanthemum seedlings was different,but on which the quantity difference was not significant in whole period of investigation.The quantity difference of F.occidentalis was significant on different varieties chrysanthemum seedlings in different greenhouse which planted at different time at the same time.The results provided the basic information for management of thrips on chrysanthemum seedling.