台湾的语言与方言及其形成之历史——北京师范大学“励耘学术论坛”2013年3月11日演讲稿

On the Language and Dialect of Taiwan （台湾） and Their Formation History——Speech Draft on LIYUNA cademic Forum of Beijing Normal University on 11th March, 2013

台湾的语言面貌,在中国各省中,算是相当特殊的.台湾并没有本土的语言,所有台湾现存的语言都是外来移民汇聚而成的.即使目前一般称为“原住民”的南岛族系,也是较早的时候,从中国大陆南方和南洋群岛迁移过来的.词汇是社会文化的最直接反映,新词的产生总是取决于特定的社会背景,因此,透过这些新词,我们可以看到两岸不同的社会面貌.在两岸开放来往之后,也同时兴起了两岸词汇的比较研究.这些比较研究为词汇学提供了很好的一个活样本,让我们了解语言中的词汇是如何在不同的环境之下产生怎样的变迁,这些变迁又如何在相互的交往中产生互动与融合.我们对于两岸同形异义词应该做深入的研究.这一类词语最容易造成两岸交流中的误解与困扰.也就是表面看起来是用同一个词,实际上那个词的意义并不完全相同.因此,同形异义的现象,值得词汇学者的注意与研究,其重要性超过两岸词汇中意义相同而用词不同的现象.

Taiwan’s languages status is quite special compares to otherprovinces in China. Taiwan has no indigenous language, all living languages inTaiwan now were gradually formed during the immigrants’ migration. Even theraces of South island, which is generally known as the native races in Taiwan,were migrated from the southern of Chinese Mainland and the South Sea Islands.Vocabulary is the most direct reflection of social culture, the appearance of newwords always depend on particular social context. Therefore, through these newwords, we can see the different social outlooks across the strait. After the openingup between Taiwan and Mainland, there was also a rise of the comparative studyof cross-strait vocabulary. These comparative studies provide lexicology a perfectliving sample, which let us understand how vocabulary is formed and changed in thedifferent environments, and how can these changes interact or integrate with eachother. We should emphasize the thorough research on the homomorphous wordsacross the strait, the words that have the same shapes yet different meanings. Thesewords would most likely cause misunderstandings and puzzles during the cross-straitcommunications. Therefore, the phenomenon of homograph is worth of attention forthose lexical scholars, their value is outweighing those synonyms.