摘要
本文是作者关于面向计算的认知语言学研究的演讲记录稿.文章首先讨论我们为什么要研究语言,并且形成语言学这门科学.接着讨论什么是认知、认知和语言有什么样的关系,还介绍了认知语言学的研究方法和主要议题.然后介绍了原型理论及其在汉语词类划分上的应用,举例说明了语义理解的心理和逻辑机制,分析了人类的注意力分配跟语句表达的视角选择的关系;介绍了隐喻表达的概念结构基础及其对于词汇和语句意义的影响,分析了概念融合对于语言中超常规表达的影响,还例析了语言临摹和认知地图对于语言表达与理解的作用.最后,介绍了基于认知的计算语言学的技术路线和操作步骤.
This paper is originated from a lecture given by the author oncomputation-oriented cognitive linguistics. It first discusses the reasons we need to dolanguage research and to establish the discipline of linguistics. It then explains whatcognition is and what relations are holding between cognition and language. Researchmethodology and major themes in cognitive linguistics are also introduced. Thepaper further introduces the prototype theory and its application to the classificationof the Chinese words, exemplifies the mental and logic mechanism of semanticinterpretation of sentences, and analyzes the relationship between human attentionassignment and the choice of perspectives in sentential expressions. In addition, theconceptual infrastructure of metaphorical expression and its influence on the lexicaland sentential meaning are introduced, the influence which conceptual blending hason the hyper-conventional linguistic expression is analyzed, and the functions oflinguistic iconicity and cognitive map in language expression and understanding areexemplified. Finally, the paper introduces the technological approach and operationalprocedure in cognition-based computational linguistics.
关键词
认知语言学
原型理论
语义理解
隐喻和概念融合
计算语言学
Cognitive linguistics
Prototype theory
Semantic interpretation
Metaphor and conceptual blending
Computational linguistics
