《康熙字典》所引《唐韵》与大徐本《说文》反切之比较

The Comparison between Tang Rhyme（《唐韵》）saved by the Kangxi Dictionary（《康熙字典》）and Fanqie（反切）in Shuowen（《说文》）of Daxu

前人对《康熙字典》所引《唐韵》的关注,大多是通过抽样调查或举例分析进而做出一些推断性研究,鲜有对文本进行全面比较并作穷尽性考察.本文运用定量统计的方法对《康熙字典》引用《唐韵》反切与大徐本《说文》注音进行量化比较,从而为《康熙字典》引用《唐韵》的定性分析提供数据支持.统计和分析结果显示,二者之相同比和差异比分别为77.98％、22.02％,即相同部分占主要,二者并不等同.《说文》注音是其主要的参考对象,而不同于《说文》的部分当另有来源.理清《康熙字典》所引《唐韵》的来源并加以整理,同时以翔实的数据为佐证,能为更好地认识这批反切材料以及更有效地利用《康熙字典》提供参考.

To Tang Rhyme（《唐韵》） quoted in the Kangxi Dictionary（《康熙字典》）, predecessors have made some inference-research mostly through samplinginvestigationor example-analysis, but which lack of exhaustive study of the text andcomprehensive comparison. This article makes a quantitative comparison betweenTang Rhyme（《唐韵》） of the Kangxi Dictionary（《康熙字典》） and fanqie（反切）in Shuowen（《说文》） of Xu Xuan（徐铉） with the mathematical statistics method,thus contributing to the qualitative analysis of Tang Rhyme（《唐韵》） in the KangxiDictionary（《康熙字典》） with a date support. Statistics and analysis of the results showed that the same and differences of rates, are 77.98% and 22.02% respectively.Accordingly, the same parts are the main, but these two materials are not the same,and the parts different from Shuowen（《说文》） may have other sources. Exploringthe Tang Rhyme（《唐韵》） quoted by the Kangxi Dictionary（《康熙字典》） sourcesand tidying up of them, that are of great significance for the investigation of theTang Rhyme（《唐韵》） written by Sun Mian（孙愐）, also do good to the study onKangxi Dictionary（《康熙字典》） itself, even to the Chinese studies in the history ofthe dictionary.