论「テイル」的心理现时性特征

On the Psychological Present Characteristic of “Teiru”

日语中"体"的意义可以划分为事态与情态两个不同的层面,通过对持续动词、瞬间动词「テイル」的情态侧面的分析,可以发现先行研究中仁田(1995)"经历"说、寺村(1984)"回顾"说两种观点的不足之处,这一情态侧面可以界定为"心理现时性"。此时,持续动词展现出"线"性到"点"性的转换,瞬间动词也不再表达现状说明的意义,并在此基础上提出了「テイル」心理现时性成立的必要条件。

＂Teiru＂ in Japanese has two levels of meaning： state of affair and modal side. By analyzing the modal side of ＂Teiru＂, which is both continuous verb and instant verb, this paper points to the inadequacy of the two previous researches： theory of ＂experiencing＂, which was proposed by Nitta in 1995 and theory of ＂retrospection＂, which was done by Teramura in 1984. Besides, this modal side is defined in this study as ＂psychological present characteristic＂： the continuous verb shows a change from ＂linearity＂ to ＂point＂ while instant verb does not emphasize only the significance of present state of affair any more. At the same time, the two necessary conditions of psychological present characteristic of ＂Teiru＂ are proposed.