发展观影响下的国际教育援助及其发展特点

International Educational Aid and Its Development Features under the Influence of Development Theories

国际教育援助的发展受发展观的影响。迄今为止,发展观的演变经历了经济增长观、社会发展观、综合发展观和以人为中心的发展观几个阶段。在不同发展观的影响下,国际教育援助也体现出不同的关注重点和援助战略。此外,受发展观演变的影响,国际教育援助的发展呈现出如下特点：从关注经济增长转向满足人类基本需求;实现了从＂硬件支持＂到＂软件建设＂的转型;援助的方式从＂项目援助＂转向＂部门援助＂和＂计划援助＂。

The development of educational aid is influenced by the development theories. Since the end of the Second World War, development theories have experienced evolution from economic develop- ment theory to social development theory, and then to comprehensive development theory and cur- rently to human centered development theory. With the influence of different development theories, the focus and strategies for educational aid has been changed along. And the development of education- al aid has undeitaken following improvements： its focus transfers from economic development to the basic human needs; its support changes from the hardware building to software building; and more and more aid takes the transition from ＂project aid＂ to ＂sector aid＂ and ＂program aid＂.