青藏高原夏季风对长江中下游气候的影响及与南亚高压的联系

The Impact of Tibetan Plateau Summer Monsoon on the Climate of the Yangtze River Basin and Contact with South Asia

应用1951～2011年NCEP/NCAR第一套逐月再分析资料和国家气候中心提供的全国160站逐月的降水和气温资料.通过相关分析得出该指数与长江中下游的夏季降水（温度）存在正（负）相关（均通过了95％的显著性检验）.高原夏季风存在明显的年际和年代际变化,1979年是其突变点.高原夏季风与副热带高压以及南亚高压的特征参数之间存在较好的相关性.高原夏季风偏强（弱）时,南亚高压出现青藏高原（伊朗高原）模态,强度减弱（增强）且东伸（西退）,副高增强（减弱）且西伸（东退）.南亚高压的各个特征参数都存在共同2～4年周期振荡,且高原夏季风与南亚高压主中心的经度（纬度）在3～5年（3～4年以及5～6年）上的显著关系最好.

This article uses the first set of NCEP/NCAR monthly reanalysis data and National Climate Center＇s 160 stations of monthly precipitation and temperature data from 1951 to 2011. The Tibetan Plateau summer monsoon index is positive （negative） correlate with the summer precipitation （temperature） of the Yangtze River （both passed the 95% significance test）. The Tibetan Plateau summer monsoon obvious inter annual and decadal variability, 1979 is a mutation. Between The Tibetan Plateau summer monsoon index and the subtropical high and the characteristic parameters of the SAH is a good correlation. when the Tibetan Plateau summer monsoon is strong（weak） ,the South Asian High appears the modal of The Tibetan Plateau （The Iranian plateau） , and it becomes weakening（intensity） and eastward （west retreat）, at this time , the subtropical high appears enhancement（weak） and westward（east retreat） . The Characteristic parameters of the SAH carried out the common of 2 - 4 year cycle oscillation, however, between The Tibetan Plateau summer monsoon and the main center of longitude （latitude） of the South Asian high at 3 to 5 years （ at 3 to 4 years and 5 to 6 years） is the best significant relationship.