地方现场流行病学培训项目实施效果定性调查

Qualitative study on effectiveness of local field epidemiology training programs in China

目的了解中国省、市、县开展现场流行病学培训项目（Field Epidemiology Training Programs ,FETP）的实施效果及存在的问题。方法采用定性研究的方法，设计定性研究提纲，对地方FETP项目负责人进行个人深入访谈。对每个项目随机选择10名毕业学员，使用培训效果个人评估表对其进行调查。结果35个FETP项目负责人均认为开展FETP培训非常有必要。28个认为成功，6个认为不成功，1个因项目刚成立未能评估。成功表现在学员能力提高，项目获得社会、业内和政府的认可，项目有长期财政和政策支持。不成功之处主要体现在缺乏经费支持，领导不重视；缺乏优秀的指导教师；学员受常规工作影响未能完全投入到现场实践培训。学员认为培训后个人从不同侧面能力得到提升的比例为83％～97％。结论地方现场流行病学培训项目经过多年发展已在中国初具一定规模，一些项目开展较为成功，但各地培训项目的效果和质量参差不齐。建议对地方FETP指导教师开展定期培训，切实保证FETP培训成为学员在训期间的优先工作，以提高地方FETP的培训质量和效果。

Objective To understand the effectiveness and problems of field epidemiology training programs （FETP） conducted by health bureau and CDCs of different levels, including county, prefecture and province in China. Methods We conducted qualitative study for fhe investigation, including in-depth interview to each director of local FETP and self-administered questionaire about training effect to 10 graduated trainees randomly seclected from each program. Results All directors of local FETP thought that establishment of local FETP was very necessary. 28 directors thought their programs successful, 6 thought unsuccessful, with 1 gave no answer since his program just started 10 months ago and has no trainees graduated. The successful aspects of program were as following： improvement of trainees＇ comprehensive ability , attention from their leaders and long-term financial support from their government and recognition from all sectors of society.The unsuccessful aspects of program were as following： lack of financial support and attention from their governments, shortage of competitive mentors and trainees insufficiently involved in field practice due to their routine work. 83%-97% of the trainees thought they made progress through FETP training. Conclusion Local FETP has developed to a certain scale since it was initially established in 2003, although some programs are successful, overall effect and quality of local FETP are uneven. In order to improve training quality and effect of local FETP, mentors should receive professional training periodically and FETP training should be traninees＇ prior work.