梁启超:重新勘定中国文学的现代认同——兼及其对于新文学家文化人格的构建

Liang Qi_chao: Resurvey for Modern Identity of Chinese Literature——With Reference to Liang'Sconstruction of Cultural Personality of New Literati

在早期致力于政治改良的宣传时代,梁启超积极借镜日本和欧洲近现代的文学经验,这对其启蒙主义文学观的形成产生重要影响。他强调借助欧洲文学革新中国文学,其文化认同明显向前者倾斜。欧洲之行中梁启超认识到作为国人现代想象的主要参照的启蒙运动以来的西方盲目推崇科学理性的偏颇,而将强调理性与情感均衡发展的文艺复兴作为中国新文化建设的样板。与此同时,他回归"诗言志"的诗学传统,对于中国文学的抒情传统给予高度肯定,并将中国古代诗人的崇高情怀和抒情精神作为新文学家文化人格建构的典范。这显示出不同于新文化运动和文学革命的主流话语的独特性。

In his early years when Liang Qichao devoted himself to calling for political reforming, he actively drew valuable literature experience from neoteric and modern Japan as well as Europe, which exerted profound influence on the formation of his enlightenment view of literature. He placed emphasis on the positive impact of European literature in regenerating Chinese literature with an obvious cultural inclination towards the former one. However, during his trip to Europe, Liang Qichao realized the partiality in the blindly praised science and rationality that had been held by the westerners since the Enlightenment Movement and regarded as main sources of modern imagination by his compatriots. Thus, in constructing Chinese new culture he advocated to take Renaissance as a model for it stresses a balanced development of rationality and sentiment. Meanwhile, he returned to the poetic tradition of ＂Poetry Expressing Will＂, spoke highly of the lyric tradition of Chinese literature and regarded noble feelings and the lyric spirits of the traditional Chinese poet as a desirable model to build their cultural personality. Liang＇s change of views demonstrates his unique characteristics, which is different from the mainstream discourse of New Culture Movement and literary revolution.