国外公共交通导向型城市发展研究综述——基于建筑环境对公共交通客流量影响的视角

Research review on foreign TOD urban development:based on the perspective of influences on transit ridership by built environment

梳理了国外公交导向型城市的最新研究成果,从建筑环境对公共交通客流量影响的角度,就公共交通导向型城市区域可达性、公交站距离、土地利用密度、多用途开发、规划和需求管理等六个方面的实践进行了分析总结,认为良好的区域交通可达性可以促进公交系统的使用;出发地或目的地距离公交站越近,人们越倾向于使用公共交通工具;提高公交站点附近的居住密度和就业密度可以增加公交客流量;公交站点附近的土地混合利用有利于增加公交使用;城市规划通过构建适宜步行的环境,可以促进公交系统的使用;提高公交出行率离不开公交、步行、骑行基础设施的改善等。

The purpose of this essay is to identify and summarize the current research relating to transit - oriented com- munities, provide experiences for China. This essay focuses on six key built environment factors that influence transit ridership： TOD- typed regional accessibility, distance to transit, density of land use, diversity, design and demand management. The re- sults show that good regional transit accessibility generally facili- tates transit use. There is a higher propensity to use transit if trip origins and destinations are located within close proximity to transit. Increasing residential and employment density near tran- sit can increase transit ridership. Locating a mix of land uses near transit will increase transit ridership. By creating environ- ments for walking, urban design can increase transit use. In- creasing transit uses need to be accompanied with improvements to the supply of transit and pedestrian and cycling infrastructure.