产业集群与经济增长——基于西部地区装备制造业集群的实证分析

Industrial Clusters and Economic Growth——The Study of Heavy-industry Equipment Manufacturing Clusters in Western China

本文结合次贷危机所引起的中国的制造业产业基地内迁而形成的产业集聚现象对西部地区经济发展的影响效应，选取了西部11省份1999～2008年的装备制造业面板数据进行了实证研究。从回归结果看，资本投入和劳动力变量对人均国内生产总值都呈现显著的正向影响，内蒙古装备制造业集聚水平对经济增长的正效应最大，广西、重庆、四川、宁夏的装备制造业集聚水平都对经济增长表现出了显著的正效应；而贵州、云南、陕西、甘肃4个省份的装备制造业集聚水平都对经济增长表现出了显著的负效应；青海唐和新疆的装备制造业集聚水平对经济增长没有表现出显著的影响。从我国东、中、西三大地区装备制造业集聚水平与经济增长的回归结果比较来看，装备制造业集聚程度对经济增长有显著的促进作用，而且经济越发达的地区这种促进作用越强。这意味着西部各省份应结合地区优势，有选择地发展优势产业，提升产业集聚程度，形成规模效应，从而促进区域经济协调、较快发展。

The industrial agglomeration derived fi＇om the migration of China＇s manufacturing industry base caused by the subprime crisis effect of which the paper combine on economic development d the western region to select the 11 western provinces that hold a representative manufacturing panel data in 1999 - 2008 to make empirical research. From the result of linear regress which base on the effect relationships of panel data models of the equipment manufacturing industry locked in the west 11 provinces of China, the invest capital and h. bor force variables make a positive conspicuous effect on Gross Domestic Product （GDP）. The Manufacturing industry agglomeration level of Inner Mongolia take outstanding positive effort on the economic growth; in the same way, it has demonstrated significant positive effects on economic growth in Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Ningxia; however, equipment manufacturing agglomeration level showed a significant negative effect on economic growth in Guizhou, Yurman, Shannxi and Gansu provinces; also, in Qinghai and Xinjiang, the level of the equipment manufacturing industry agglomeration on economic growth did not show significant effects. Form the linear regresses comparisons of industry agglomeration and economic growth in the East, Middle and West regions of China, the equipment manufacturing industry agglomeration degree play a significant role in promoting the economic growth which has a positive relation with the economic developed of a certain region. From the regression results, it means that the western provinces should be combined with regional advantages to develop se- lectively competitive industries, to enhance industrial concentration degree, to form economies of scale, and then to promote regional eco- nomic coordination and rapid devdopment.