国际种业发展格局演变及其趋势研究

On the development pattern and trend of the international seed industry

本文从国际种子市场规模变化、种子相关的知识产权保护制度、国际种子市场结构变化和农作物育种研发投入变化4个方面对国际种业发展进行了全面考察。发达国家的种子产业已进入成熟阶段,国际种子市场规模在最近10多年内迅速扩大。国际上种子知识产权保护则主要有国际植物新品种保护联盟(UPOV)和与贸易有关的知识产权协议(TRIPs)两个机制。从市场结构看,大量并购活动促进了国际种子市场的整合发展,市场集中度快速提高,6大跨国公司已成为当前国际种子市场的主导企业。从育种研发投入变化看,私人部门育种研发投入快速增加,而大型跨国种子企业是育种创新成果的主要拥有者。

This paper focus on four aspects of the international seed industry:the market scale,seed-related intellectual property system,the market structural and the crop breeding research and development.We find that:the seed industry of developed countries had developed into a mature stage,and the international seed market had witnessed rapid expansion in last decades.UPOV and TRIPs are mainly two mechanisms for seedrelated intellectual property protection.The multinational seed corporations are the big role both in seed market and crop breeding.