晚清时期梁启超民族主义思想的演进

On the Evolution of Liang Qi-chao's Nationalist Thought in Late Qing Dynasty

作为中国近代民族主义思想的开山鼻祖,梁启超在晚清时期先后经历了由传统的天下主义向自由民族主义和国家主义的思想转变过程。梁启超的思想之所以前后会出现如此明显的变化,主要缘于他不断地改变外在观念以适应自己追求中国与西方平等观念的内在需要。梁启超在传统天下主义观念与现代民族主义观念之间的摇摆,正是中国在建立现代民族国家进程中所遭遇的现实困境在思想观念上的表现。

As the founder of Chinese modern nationalist thought, Liang Qi-chao goes through the thought transformation from the traditional outlook of ＂Tianxia＂ to liberal nationalism and statism in late Qing Dynasty. Liang Qi-chao＇s thought transformation arises from the intrinsic need that he constantly alters external concept to adapt to his pursuit of equality of China and the western countries. The vacillation of Liang Qi-chao＇s thought between the traditional outlook of ＂Tianxia＂ and liberal nationalism and statism is the outward manifestation of the realistic dilemma that China has encountered in the process of building modern China.