短距槽舌兰的驯化栽培与快速繁殖

Domestication Cultivation and Rapid Propagation of Holcoglossum flavescens

为促进短距槽舌兰的资源驯化栽培, 本文对其生物学特性、生长发育规律和组织培养快速繁殖技术进行了研究。对开花植株进行人工授粉, 取种子进行观察发现, 授粉后140 d 种子才达到成熟状态; 将其接种在无植物生长调节剂的RE培养基上, 萌发率可达90%以上。将萌发的种子转接在RE＋0.2 mg·L-1 NAA＋0.2 mg·L-1 6-BA＋5 g·L-1椰粉＋2 g·L-1水解酪蛋白的培养基上可诱导原球茎大量增殖。最适壮苗生根培养基为RE＋0.6 mg·L-1 NAA＋0.2 mg·L-1 6-BA＋80 g·L-1香蕉泥, 生根率100%。试管苗移栽到直径0.3-1.7 cm的小号细树皮盆栽中, 成活率在95%以上, 试管苗栽培6个月后可分化花芽, 这为短距槽舌兰的产业化生产奠定了基础。

This study aimed to improve domestication and cultivation of Holcoglossumflavescens. The biological characteristics and growth habit were investigated, as well as optimizing of the technology of rapid micropropagation with tissue culture. Observation indicated that the seeds of this species would take 140 days to reach mature state after artificial pollination. The mature seeds could germinate on the medium of RE without plant growth reg·Lators with a frequency up to 90%. Transferred germinating seed to the medium of RE＋0.2 mg·L-1 NAA＋0.2 mg·L-1 6-BA＋5 g·L-1 coconut powder＋2 g·L-1 casein acid hydrolysate greatly promoted the induction of protocorm proliferation. The optimum medium for seedling growing and rooting was RE＋0.6 mg·L-1 NAA＋0.2 mg·L-1 6-BA＋80 g·L-1 mashed banana, with the 100% rooting rate. The plantlets were transferred to 0.3-1.7 cm diameter pine bark, the survival rate could be up to 95%. After growing in pots for six months, the plantlets could begin to differentiation of flower bud, and be further used for industrial oroduction.