持留菌研究方法的新进展

New progresses of research methods and achievements on persisters

持留菌是某个细菌群体中一定比例表型异化的小亚群,表现为临时休眠状态或缓慢生长状态,可耐受致死浓度抗菌药物的作用,但这种抗菌药物耐受性不能遗传,当持留菌被再次培养时,其中绝大多数对抗菌药物仍然敏感,只有一定比例的持留菌产生。持留菌与生物被膜形成,以及慢性感染的顽固性密切相关。持留菌研究多集中于其形成机制与清除策略,目前在大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、结核分枝杆菌、白色念珠菌中均有涉及。文中将从群体水平、单细胞水平、基因水平、数学模型水平等不同层面对持留菌的研究方法及取得的研究成果作一综述。

Persister cells are dormant or slowly grown variations in microbial populations.They are highly tolerant to antibiotics but the tolerance are not inherited as the genetic resistance,when persisters are inoculated to fresh medium,most bacteria are still susceptive to antibiotic,while only a small fractiont become persisters again.Persisters are believed to be closely related to clinic biofilm forming and the recurrence and recalcitrance of chronic infections.Different persisters have been found in Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphyococcus aureus,Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Candida albicans and so on,and a few mechanisms about persisters formation have been studied.This article reviews the current progresses of research methods and achievements on persisters from different levels.