2011年开封市手足口病疫情分析

Epidemiology And Prevention Measures of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Kaifeng City in 2011

目的分析开封市2011年手足口病疫情流行特征,为手足口病防控措施的实施提供依据。方法收集2011年"疾病监测信息报告管理系统"所报告的开封市手足口病资料和实验室病原学检测结果,对其进行分析。结果 2010年共报告开封市手足口病例4 961例,其中重症病例71例,死亡病例2例,4月份发病例数达到高峰;6月份重症病例构成比最高;发病率市所辖区高于县;男女性别发病比例为1.84∶1;病例主要集中在5岁以下年龄组,占病例总数的96.75%,其中1~岁年龄组发病数最多,占病例总数的42.47%;散居儿童最多,占所报告病例总数的86.76%。2011年开封市共发生聚集性病例154起,其中135起发生在农村,19起发生在市区。2011年共检测手足口病标本560例,实验室检测病例中仍以EV71阳性病例所占比例最高,为69.82%。结论开封市2011年手足口病发病水平低于2010年,发病高峰较2010年推迟,EV71仍是流行的优势毒株,聚集性病例主要发生在农村。

Objective To provide references for prevention and control of the hand - foot - mouth disease （HFMD） by analyzing the epidemical characteristics of reported HFMD cases in Kaifeng, 2011. Methods Data collected through the National Information Management System for Disease Surveillance were statistical an- alyzed. Results There were totally 4961 reported HFMD cases in 2011, in Kaifeng, of which 71 were severe and 2 were dead. The number of cases in ~April reached to a peak. The proportion of severe cases was the highest in June of the year. Cases were more in rural areas than in urban ; yet for the incidence, it was higher in urban than rural areas. Male to female ratio was 1.84： 1. The HFMD eases concentrated mainly in 5 year - old or even younger children, accounting for 96.75% of the total. Cases were the most in 1 - year - old group, accounting for 42. 47% of the total cases. Cases were the most in the scattered children and the per- centage was 86. 76% of the total. There were 154 clustering of cases in 2011, of which 135 were found in ru- ral villages, 19 in urban. Specimens of 560 eases were detected in 2011, and the percentage of the EV71 nositive cases was 69. 82%. Conclusion The incidence characterizes with annarent a^e and sex distribution：EV71 is the major etiologic agents of HFMD. The rural villages are the main setting of clusters of cases.