禽流感病毒研究概述

Current Research on Avian Influenza Viruses

禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)可引起禽类的呼吸器官或全身性感染。高致病性禽流感病毒可以直接感染禽类,偶尔也能直接或间接感染人类。禽流感的流行会严重影响畜牧业发展和国际进出口贸易。低致病性禽流感病毒可以经基因突变或基因重配转变成高致病性禽流感病毒。高致病性禽流感病毒是在人群中引发流感的一个潜在危险因素,并会严重地威胁人类健康。因此对禽流感病毒的检测和监测以及对其药物的研发和疫苗的研制,已成为世界各国政府及卫生防疫部门日益关注和积极着手解决的重大问题之一。本文将扼要介绍禽流感病毒的研究现状。

Avian inf luenza viruses（AIV） may cause respiratory or systemic infection in wild birds and poultry.Highly pathogenic AIV（HPAIV） can directly infect waterfowls and poultry,and may occasionally infect human beings through direct or indirect way.Prevalence of avian influenza can severely affect the animal husbandry as well as international import and export trade.Continued circulation of low pathogenic AIV in its natural hosts may lead to generation of HPAIV through gene mutation or reassortment.HPAIV poses a potential threat to inducing pandemic influenza,and may dramatically affect human health.Detecting and monitoring the prevalence of AIV as well as developing antiviral drugs and vaccines against AIV have become great concerns of government and health officials in different countries in the world.In this review,we will briefly describe current research on AIV.