基于DORATASK的管制员工作负荷测量方法研究

Measuring the workload of the air traffic controller based on DORATASK method

空中交通管制员工作负荷测量的DORATASK方法是一种以时间占用率为依据的脑力负荷测量方法,由于该方法在工作负荷不同部分构成和测量上的差异,加之不同地域在管制运行不同席位间的分工各异,在管制员工作负荷的计算中缺乏密切结合我国空管运行实际而又简便可行的方法。在DORATASK方法的框架下,结合我国空管运行"双岗制"的情况,明确了"可测量"、"无法测量"、"脑力恢复"3个部分工作负荷的构成及其测量和估算方法,建立了管制员工作负荷测量模型。通过实地采集某管制区数据,使用模型对管制员的工作负荷进行测量计算,并对航班架次与管制员工作负荷的相关性进行了分析。结果表明,模型具有较好的敏感性和有效性。

This paper is inclined to introduce a workload measurement model developed by the given authors based on the DORATASK method. The so-called DORATASK is referred to the air traffic controller workload calculation model, which is used to evaluate the mental workload by the ratio of his business time occupation. In some sense, it seems impractical for the model to be used to work out the task-induced workload as well as the variation of an air controller＇s task for his service in various positions of different states. Therefore, we have to restrict our study object and our model for the air-traffic manipulation in China＇s air traffic control context. The model should be used to specify the tasks of observable, non-observable, recuperation and its measurement. For the control position, it is required to identify the air-ground communication and operation of the ATC automation system as the observable workload, and radar scanning as an indicator of non-observable workload. For the coordination positions, it is necessary to categorize the liaison with other sectors, the operation of flight progress strips and the ATC automation system, monitoring of control position communication into the observable workload, whereas the flight progress strips scanning should be put into the non-observable workload besides the radar scanning. In doing so, the observable workload can be calculated by accounting the total length of communication, the operation time of ATC automation system and so on. Such workload can be estimated by sing the number of flight in terms of 4 seconds as a flight herein according to the DORATASK method. At the same time, estimation of recuperation time for each radiotelephony can be done by adopting DORATASK＇s 2 seconds. When the model was used as a trial in a real environment by feeding data from an approach control center, we have made our correlation analysis. The results of the model we have developed from the study demonstrate that there exists positive correlation between the flight numbers and the workload of the two positions which also proves to be sensitive and valid of the model.