空军招飞学生角膜屈光力调查及应用价值探讨

Examination of corneal refractive power in Air Force pilot recruitment and discussion on its application value

目的 通过观察招飞体检中受检学生角膜屈光力及角膜散光的分布状况,探讨角膜屈光力检测在空军招飞体检中的应用价值. 方法 采用佳能RK F1型全自动验光/角膜曲率仪,测量参加招飞定选的2 586名高中毕业生5 172眼角膜水平及垂直子午线屈光力,计算平均角膜屈光力、角膜散光度、散光轴向及双眼角膜屈光力差值,描述其频数分布状况,比较双眼角膜散光度差异.结果 招飞学生平均角膜屈光力（42.64±1.23）D（范围：37.95～47.31 D）;同一个体双眼角膜屈光力差值的绝对值（0.20＋0.18）D（范围：0.00～2.53 D）;角膜教光度（0.98±0.45）D（范围：0.00～4.25 D）;角膜散光轴位：顺规性散光占总体的96.83％,逆规性散光占1.16％,斜向散光占2.01％;左眼角膜散光度为（1.00±0.46）D,较右眼（0.96±0.45）D稍大,差异有统计学意义（Z=-6.517,P＜0.05）. 结论 在空军招飞体检中,全自动验光/角膜曲率仪所采集的角膜屈光力作为筛查线索之一用于筛查角膜屈光,矫治后角膜和圆锥角膜需要其他筛查手段协助完成筛查和鉴别.16～20岁健康男性角膜散光以顺规散光为主.同一个体双眼角膜屈光力及散光在一定程度上具有对称性.

Objective To discuss the value of applying corneal refractive power examination in Air Force pilot selection by analyzing the status of the check and the distribution of corneal astigmatism in candidates.Methods The refractive powers in corneal vertical and horizontal meridian were measured by Canon RK F1 full auto ref-keratometer for 5 172 eyes of 2 586 high school graduates who enrolled in final pilot selection.Mean corneal refractive power,corneal astigmatism,astigmatic axis and the difference of central refractive powers between two eyes of the same individual were calculated and the frequency distributions were described.The corneal astigmatism between two eyes of the same individual was compared.Results The mean corneal refractive power was （42.64± 1.23） D （range：37.95 to 47.31 D）.The absolute value of the difference of corneal refractive powers between two eyes of the same individual was （0.20±0.18） D （range：0.00 to 2.53 D）.The mean corneal astigmatism was （0.98±0.45） D （range：0.00 to 4.25 D）.Astigmatism with rule,against rule and oblique astigmatism respectively took 96.83％,1.16％ and 2.01％.The difference of the corneal astigmatism between two eyes of the same individual was statistically significant （Z=-6.517,P＜0.05）.The corneal astigmatism of left eyes was （1.00±0.46） D,a little higher than that of right eyes （0.96±0.45） D.Conclusion In Air Force pilot selection,corneal refractive power detected by full auto ref-keratometer provides a valuable clue in screening and identifying corneal refraction.Identifying if the cornea was done by kerato refractive surgery or keratoconus still needs other complemented methods.Most corneal astigmatism in healthy male aged from 16 to 20 yrs is the type with the rule.The individual corneal refractive power and astigmatism of eyes are symmetric to some extent.