新兵训练期间人际适应能力与家庭环境因素关系的调查

Survey on the relationship of the interpersonal adaptability of recruits in the course of training and their family environmental factors

目的研究新兵集训(新训)期间人际适应情况的动态变化及家庭环境因素的影响。方法采用分层抽样的方法,抽取某部305名新兵为研究对象,采用《社交回避与苦恼量表》、《90项症状清单》、《一般自我效能感量表》,分别于新训前后进行现场实测。结果①总体前后比较,新训后一般自我效能感(GSES)得分显著高于新训前,社交回避及烦恼量表总分(SAD)、社交回避(SA)、社交苦恼(SD)、人际关系敏感(SCL-RS)分量表得分均低于新训前(均P<0.001);②不同家庭关系组间比较,新训前家庭和睦组GSES得分高于、其余量表得分均低于一般或不和睦组(P<0.001,P<0.05,P<0.01)。新训后各项指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05);③不同家庭组成组间比较,新训前各量表得分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。新训后,家庭完整组GSES得分高于家庭不完整组(P<0.05),其余量表得分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论新兵在新训期间,人际适应情况发生了显著、积极的变化。家庭不完整和家庭关系一般或不和睦对新兵人际适应产生不同程度的消极影响,应作为心理干预的重点人群予以关注。

Objective To study the dynamic changes of interpersonal adaptability in the course of recruit training,and the effects of home environment on the changes. Methods The 305 recruits were enrolled in this study by stratified sampling. Both before and after the recruit training,Social Avoidance and Distress Scale,Symptom Checklist 90,and General Self-efficacy Scale were used to assess the psychological health conditions.Results 1）Generally speaking,the score of GSES was significant higher after the recruit training than before,and same to the total scores of SAD,SA,SD and SCL-RS（P 0.001）;2）Comparison between different families relationships,before the recruit training the GSERS score of family harmony group was higher,others scale score was lower than other groups（P〈0.001,P〈0.05,P〈0.01）. After the recruit training,all of the score had no significant change（P〉 0.05）;3）Comparison between different family structure,before the recruit training,there were no significant change in different groups（P〉0.05）. After the recruit training,the GSES score of complete family group was higher than the incomplete group（P 〈0.05）,and others scale score was no significant change（P〈 0.05）.Conclusion In the course of boot training,interpersonal adaptation has significantly positive changes. Family general,not harmonious family relationships and the incomplete group all subject negative influence on adaptation to the relationship to recruit people. It should be to pay attention to the focus groups being subjected psychological intervention.