小胶质细胞在兔减压病脊髓损伤中的作用

Function of Microglia Cell in Spinal Cord Injury of Rabbit under Decompression Sickness

目的探讨小胶质细胞的活化在减压病脊髓损伤中的作用。方法成年健康雄性新西兰兔21只,按简单随机抽样法分为正常对照组、减压病(DCS)组、安全减压组,每组7只。DCS组:5 min空气加压至0.8 MPa(绝对压),停留60 min,5 min匀速减至常压;安全减压组,参考我国海军空气潜水减压表减至常压。借助光镜观察胸腰段脊髓的病理形态学改变,免疫组化方法观察钙离子接头蛋白-1(IBA1)蛋白标记小胶质细胞。结果 DCS组脊髓白质内空泡形成,IBA1结果显示阳性细胞数量增加,突起粗而短且分支变少,胞体肥大且内含粗颗粒状深棕色物质。与对照组和安全减压组组间差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论小胶质细胞在减压病脊髓损伤的病理生理过程中发挥重要作用,在DCS的早期即由静息状态快速向活化状态转变,参与减压病致脊髓损伤的过程。

Objective To investigate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury under decompression sickness （DCS） of rabbits. Methods Total of 21 healthy adult male Newzland rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups： normal control group, DCS group and safety relief group. DCS model were made by fast decompres- sion method, the pressure was increased to 0.8 MPa （ absolute pressure） within 5 min and maintained for 60 min, then was decompressed to normal pressure within 5 rain. Safety relief group was decompressed according to Navy diving decompression. With the light microscope the changes of pathology, morphology and the expression and immunohistochemical（IHC） method to observe of anti-ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 （ IBA1 ） protein of microglia cell in spinal cord of rabbits. Results There were some cavity formations on white matter of spinal cord in DCS group. IBA1 positive cells obviously increased, with cell body obviously hypertro- phy and turning round, processes shorter and less branches, brown yellow and rough particle shaped matter in the cell, which were significantly higher in DCS than those in normal control group and safety relief group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion The microglia cell may play a key role in pathophysiology of spinal cord injury. They are activated in the early stage of DCS and participate in the process of spinal cord injury.