宁夏泾源县2005-2012年肾综合征出血热宿主动物监测分析

2005- 2012 Surveillance on Host Animals of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Jingyuan County of Ningxia

目的分析泾源县肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)宿主动物构成、密度、带毒率,为HFRS的防治提供科学依据。方法根据《全国肾综合征出血热监测方案》的要求,对2005-2012年间泾源县的宿主动物监测结果分析。采用夹夜法调查鼠密度,免疫荧光法检测鼠肺抗原,酶联免疫法检测鼠血抗体,RT-PCR法进行汉坦病毒基因分型。结果 2005-2012年泾源县居民区平均捕获率为4.27%,野外平均捕获率为3.69%,以2006和2012年为高。居民区以小家鼠和褐家鼠为优势鼠种,野外以黑线姬鼠和灰仓鼠为优势鼠种。在2005-2012年中,有5年未检出带病毒鼠,带病毒鼠指数从2011年开始有所上升;主要带病毒鼠种为黑线姬鼠和灰仓鼠。汉坦病毒基因分型显示均为HTN型病毒。结论泾源县目前仍为HFRS姬鼠型疫区,近年来鼠密度和带毒率有所上升,应加强预防控制工作。

Objective To analyze the species,density and virus carrying rate of rodents of Jingyuan county in Ningxia.Methods Direct immunofluorescence assay was adopted to determine HV antigen in the lung tissues of rats and ELISA was applied to detect the antibody against HV in the sera of rats.The genotype of Hantanviruses was detected by RT-PCR.Results The density of rats was 4.27％ in residential areas and 3.69％ in the fields from 2005 to 2012.Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus were dominants in residential areas.Apodemus agrarius and Cricetulus migratorius were dominants in fields.Most carriers were Apodemus agrarius and Cricetulus migratorius.The genotype of Hantanviruses were HTN.Conclusion Jingyuan county was Apodemus agrarius epidemic area.The density and virus rates of rodents was increasing.The control and prevention measures should be strengthened.