水产种质资源保护区适应性管理研究

Adaptive management of aquatic germplasm reserves

针对我国水产种质资源保护区在现行管理模式下普遍存在的资源难以恢复、保护效果不明显等问题,基于生态系统管理的理念,借鉴国内外有关自然保护区适应性管理研究实践经验,探索水产种质资源保护区的适应性管理。水产种质资源保护区的适应性管理可分为模式建立和反馈两个阶段,包括问题识别、目标制定、方案设计与实施、动态监测、绩效评估、反馈与调整等过程,以全面提升保护区对外界环境变化的不确定性和复杂性的快速反应能力。并以福建长乐西施舌资源增殖保护区为例,分析该保护区的管理现状,探索适应性管理模式的构建与应用。

There were some common issues of the current management model in domestic Aquatic Germplasm Reserves（ AGRs）,such as the difficulty of resources recovery and the insignificant efficiency of protection. An Adaptive Management（ AM） framework of AGRs was constructed according to the theoretical researches and practices of Ecosystem-based Management（ EBM） and Adaptive Management both in domestic and foreign nature reserves. The AM framework of AGRs could be divided into two stages as model establishment and feedback： the former included problem identification,strategic planning,program design and implementation,while the later comprised of dynamic monitoring,performance evaluation,feedback and adjustment. The practice of AM framework could strongly enhance the rapid response to the uncertainty and complexity of external environment of AGRs. Furthermore,the Changle Xishi Tongue（ Coelomactra Antiquata） Resource Enhancement and Protected Area was used as an example to analyse the current situation of management in AGRs and explore the construction and application of adaptive management model.