瓶装饮用水理化指标分析及对发光细菌综合毒性评价

Physicochemical index analysis and luminescent bacteria toxicity evaluation of bottled drinking water

目的将发光细菌作为毒性测试物种,引入到瓶装饮用水的安全性评价中,同时结合常规理化检测指标的分析,为瓶装饮用水的安全性评价预警和监督检测提供新的尝试。方法选取到市售瓶装饮用水11种,以发光细菌为研究对象,用生物毒性测试仪测定样品及空白的发光度,计算相对发光率。同时对水中的理化指标进行检验。结果理化检测指标符合国家瓶装饮用水卫生标准。样品对发光细菌的相对发光率的范围为81.90%-112.27%。部分水样的综合判定毒性可能会对饮用者的健康产生不利影响。结论发光细菌法在评价多种毒物的综合毒性效应方面具有理化检测方法无法取代的优势,但对具体毒物的种类无法进行定性,综合两种方法的特点,他们不能互相取代,但却能互相补充,更加全面的对瓶装饮用水安全性进行评价。

Objective As a species of toxicity test,luminescent bacteria was introduced into the safety evaluation of bottled drinking water.In combination with the analysis of the conventional physical and chemical index,to provide a new approach for the safety warning,supervision and inspection of bottled drinking water.Methods Based on luminescent bacteria as study object,11 samples of bottled drinking water were collected to determine the luminous emittance of samples and blanks,then the relative emission rate was calculated.Physical and chemical index was tested at the same time.Results The physical and chemical testing indexes were in accordance with the national hygiene standards for bottled drinking water.The relative emission rate of samples ranged from 81.90% to 112.27%.Comprehensive toxicity results of some water samples indicated potential adverse effect on health of drinking water users.Conclusion Compared to physicochemical test methods,luminescent bacteria method is inreplaceable in comprehensive toxicity evaluation of bottled drinking water,but it is deficient in identification of poison types.Combination of physicochemical test method and luminescent bacteria method can realize the comprehensive evaluation of the safety of bottled drinking water.