上海某郊县地区2011年-2012年流感监测分析

Analysis of influenza surveillance results in a suburban area of shanghai during 2011-2012

目的了解上海市松江、闵行地区2011年-2012年人群流感的流行特征。方法收集、汇总上述地区流感监测哨点医院的流感样病例数、就诊人数等进行描述性流行病学分析。对采集的流感样病例咽拭子用荧光定量PCR进行各型流感病毒核酸检测,对核酸阳性标本进行流感病毒培养,并用红细胞凝集抑制试验鉴定流感病毒型和亚型。结果 2年间监测到流感样病例总数为23 572例,流感样病例平均就诊比例为1.12%。采集咽拭子标本2 888份,分离到各型流感毒株870株,2011年优势株为B型,2012年优势株为季节性H3N2与B型共同流行。病毒分离及流行病学监测显示:2011年成人和儿童流感呈年初和年末冬春季高发,2012年则呈现明显的年初冬春季和夏季高发。结论 2011年-2012年上海松江、闵行地区流感流行特点大致为冬春季和夏季高发,新甲型H1N1、B、季节性H3N2呈优势交替流行。

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Songjiang and Minhang areas of Shanghai during 2011-2012.Methods The surveillance data of influenza-like illness（ILI） and number of patients were collected from the influenza sentinel hospitals of the above areas for descriptive epidemiological analysis.Throat swab specimens were collected from influenza like illness to detect influenza virus by fluorescent quantitative PCR.Then the positive specimens were selected for influenza virus culture,and the influenza virus types and subtypes were identified using the haemagglutination inhibition test（HI）.Results A total of 23 572 ILI cases were reported in monitoring hospital from 2011 to 2012,accounting for 1.12% of the total patients.Eight hundred and seventy influenza virus strains in different types were isolated from 2 888 throat swab specimens.The dominant epidemic strain of influenza was seasonal influenza B in 2011,while that was seasonal influenza H3N2 and B in 2012.The results of influenza surveillance and influenza virus isolation showed that the epidemic peaks of influenza were winter-spring in 2011,while winter-spring at the beginning of the year and summer in 2012.Conclusion The epidemic peaks of influenza were winter-spring and summer in Songjiang and Minhang areas from 2011 to 2012,the dominant strains alternated among influenza A（H1N1）,influenza B and seasonal influenza H3N2.