职业接触铅人群血铅及锌原卟啉、血常规指标的变化

Changes of blood lead,blood zinc porphyrin,blood routine index in lead-exposed population

目的研究职业性铅接触对男性血液系统的损害,探讨血铅的浓度和锌原卟啉、血常规相关参数水平的关系,寻找铅对血液系统损伤的早期敏感指标。方法采取回顾性分析的方法,以2011年-2012年佛山市顺德区慢性病防治中心住院的男性铅中毒病人为接触组,同时选取年龄相近的在佛山市顺德区慢性病防治中心体检的不接触铅危害的男性为对照组。用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅。选取红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白含量(HGB)与血小板(PLT)作为血液系统毒性的效应指标,分析不同的血铅水平、锌原卟啉与血液系统效应指标的变化。结果低铅组与高铅组血铅与锌原卟啉(ZPP)水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);高铅组血红蛋白含量明显低于对照组与低铅组(P<0.05),血红蛋白异常率高于对照组与低铅组(P<0.05)。红细胞与血小板水平两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论职业性铅接触可导致作业男性的血细胞某些相关参数发生改变。

Objective To study the damage of occupational lead exposure on blood system of male workers,to explore the relationship between the blood lead concentration changes and the levels of blood zinc protoporphyrin,blood routine parameters,so as to find the early sensitive index of blood system injury by lead.Methods The male lead poisoning patients from 2011 to2012 in this hospital as lead exposure group,and healthy male workers of the similar age without contact with lead hazard at the same time as the control group were involved in this study.Then lead level was determined in these people by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry（GFAAS）,and the red blood cell count（RBC）,hemoglobin（HGB） and platelet（PLT） were taken as effect indexes to analyze the different levels of blood lead,changes of zinc protoporphyrin（ZPP） and hematological effect index.Results The levels of blood lead and ZPP in low lead group and high lead group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.05）; The hemoglobin content was significantly lower in high lead group than that in the control group and the low-level lead group（P〈0.05）,but the percentage of abnormal hemoglobin was higher than that of the control group and the low-level lead group（P〈0.05）.The levels of blood cells and platelet had no significant differences in paired comparisons of the three groups（P〉0.05）.Conclusion Occupational lead exposure can change some related parameters of blood cells in male workers.