复杂机动动作最优航迹控制模型及操纵特性分析

The optimal trajectory control model of the aircraft maneuver and its operation characteristics

为了提高驾驶员对机动动作的控制能力,从驾驶员操纵角度避免机动动作过程中的风险,提出以控制量变化率作为优化参数的机动动作最优航迹控制模型.将机动动作划分为彼此相连的轨迹片段,轨迹片段划分合理,则每个轨迹片段具有相同的控制量变化率,控制量变化率不但能够给出机动动作控制量的输入,更重要的是能够反映机动动作过程中驾驶员操纵的快慢程度.使用小生境稳态遗传算法(niching steady-state genetic algorithm,niching SSGA)对最优航迹控制模型进行求解,求解结果为机动动作最优控制量变化率序列,以该序列对应的控制量作为机动动作的输入,能够实现一个标准的机动动作.仿真实验部分以典型纵向机动动作斤斗及横侧向机动动作桶滚为例进行分析,研究了两类动作的最优控制量变化率序列,并对两类动作的操纵特性进行了分析.

To improve the control ability in aircraft maneuvers and reduce the flight risk from the view of operation pilots, we propose an optimal trajectory control model of the maneuver by taking the control rate of change as the optimization parameter. The maneuver is divided into connected trajectory segments. If the division is reasonable, all trajectory segments will have identical control rates of change. The control rate of change not only provides the control input of the maneuver, but also reflects the required pilot＇s control speed for the maneuver. A niching steady-state genetic algorithm （niching SSGA） is adopted to solve the optimal control model problem to obtain the optimal control sequences of the maneuver. The control inputs of the maneuver corresponding to the optimal control sequences drive the aircraft to complete the optimal maneuver. The optimal maneuver control model is used to analyze the characteristic vertical and lateral maneuvers, i.e., the loop and the barrel roll. The optimal control sequences of the maneuvers are obtained respectively and the operation characteristics of maneuvers are analyzed.