骨钙素对糖代谢影响的研究进展

Osteocalcin in the Effects of Glucose Metabolism

骨钙素,亦称γ-羧基骨蛋白、骨谷氨酸蛋白和骨依赖维生素K蛋白,是一种由非增殖期成骨细胞合成的分泌蛋白,经过翻译后加工生成羧化骨钙素而参与骨骼发育。既往研究认为它是骨形成和骨转化的标志。然而最新研究发现,未发生羧化修饰的骨钙素对糖代谢有一定的影响作用,可促进胰腺β细胞增殖和胰岛素分泌,减弱胰岛素抵抗。多项研究证实高血糖可影响骨钙素合成,骨钙素在糖尿病患者中降低,糖尿病患者因胰岛素分泌和作用缺陷对胰岛素受体作用减弱,影响成骨细胞摄取核酸、氨基酸、胶原纤维合成,使其合成分泌骨钙素减少。这些研究确立了骨钙素为一种可以影响糖代谢的重要激素,拓展了对骨骼功能影响的同时也为新型降血糖药物的开发提供了新靶点。本文针对骨钙素对糖代谢的影响做一综述。

Osteocalcin, also called reported carboxyl bone protein, bone glutamic acid protein and bone rely on vitamin K protein, is a kind of synthetic secretory protein that a composed by non breeding period osteoblast. It generates carboxylation osteocalcin through translation post processing and participates in skeletal development. Previous studies suggest that it is mark of bone formation and bone transformation. But new research found that non-carboxylation modified osteocalcin has certain effect on glucose metabolism, can promote pancreatic beta cells proliferation and insulin secretion, and weaken the insulin resistance. A number of studies confirm hyperglycemia can affect osteocalcin synthesis. Osteocalcin in diabetic patients is low, because reduced insulin secretion make insulin receptor dysfunction, affect osteoblast to intake nucleic acid, amino acid, collagen synthesis, making its synthetic secretion osteocalcin reduced. These studies established osteocalcin as a kind of important hormone that can affect glucose metabolism, expand the influence on bone function at the same time for the development of new hypoglycemic drugs provides new targets.