HPV感染与宫颈癌预防的研究进展

Research Progress of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer Prevention

宫颈癌在全球范围内依然是严重威胁妇女健康的常见恶性肿瘤之一。流行病学调查显示,高危型HPV持续感染是导致宫颈癌发病的主要原因,并且HPV感染具有显著的特点,因此,预防HPV感染是防治宫颈癌的主要途径。已明确性行为是促进HPV感染最重要的辅助因子,个体免疫力低下及年龄因素亦是促进HPV感染的重要因素。研究显示,在全球逐渐开展的预防措施包括对常见的高风险HPV类型进行预防性疫苗接种及包括HPV检测在内的宫颈癌筛查项目的实施已经在降低宫颈癌的发病率方面起到了很重要的作用。近些年来,人们越来越重视HPV检测在宫颈癌筛查程序中的应用。由于HPV的感染率具有显著的地域性差异,我们需要针对各地区的特点以完善相应的宫颈癌筛查程序,从而为宫颈癌防治工作的开展提供重要依据。

Cervical cancer is still one of the most serious malignant tumors in the world, which is threat to women＇s health and life. According to the survey of epidemiology, the persistent infection of high-risk HPV is the major cause of cervical cancer, and HPV infection has remarkable characteristics. Therefore, prevention of HPV infection is the main way to prevent and treat the cervical cancer. As we all know that sexual behavior is the most important cofactor to promote HPV infection. Individual low immunity and age are also important factors of HPV promotion. Research shows preventive measures carried out gradually around the world including prophylactic vaccination of common high-risk HPV types and the implementation of cervical cancer screening programs including HPV detection have played a very important role in reducing the incidence of cervical cancer. In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the application of the detection of HPV in cervical cancer screening programs. As HPV infection rate has significant regional differences, we need to contrapose the characteristics of the regions to improve cervical cancer screening program accordingly, so as to provide important basis for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.