进化而来的心理是功能还是结构

Is the Mind Shaped by Evolution a Function or a Structure

对"自然选择选择了什么"这个问题的理解偏差成为了进化心理学解释"心理"意义的理论障碍。现代遗传学认为,自然选择通过保存和积累各种变异塑造了生物的基因型。基因型并不等同于生物体的物质形态,而是生物与环境的互动模式。通过分析有机体与环境的互动过程,可以发现:(一)有机体的功能在逻辑上先于其生理结构;(二)有机体是通过功能而不是结构来适应环境。因此可以说:自然选择塑造了功能。

＂What does the process of natural selection select？＂ The wrong answer of this question will obstruct the process by which Evolutionary Psychology explains the implication of mind. Modern genetics argues that the natural selection process shapes the genotype. Genotype does not mean the material structure of organism but their response model toward the environment. This article aims to analyze the interactive process between the organism and the environment. It suggests and demonstrates two propositions： （1） The function of an organism preexists the physical structure of organism logically; （2） An organism adapts to the environment by its function rather than its structure. In concluding, the natural selection selects the function of an organism.