世界技能大赛中国选手的心理技能训练研究

Study on Mental Skills Training of Chinese Players for Participating World Skills Competition

世界技能大赛对参赛选手的心理素质具有较高要求,其对于中国选手的主要心理困扰有:因大赛经验不足,对竞争对手缺乏了解而导致的心理准备不足,动机与自信心不高;因对自我情绪与压力管理不当导致的赛前焦虑症;因长期单调训练导致的赛前倦怠综合症;因消极思维习惯导致的失败自证预言假设等。因此,开展因应性的目标设置训练、价值运用技术、积极自我对话技术、四步放松训练技术、成功与失败情景表象训练等心理技能训练,对保障选手顺利竞技是非常必要和重要的。

Mental skills training began from the manned space program of the former Soviet Union, which is an important part of the skills training system with the body training, technical training and tactical training. The World Skills Competi tion has high requirements for the players, and the Chinese players faced with some mental distress in participating the competition. Therefore, to deploy mental skills training for the players such as goal setting training, value using technolo gy, positive self talk, four step relaxation techniques, training and failure scenarios of imagery training, is important and necessary for players to participate in skills training smoothly.