抵押贷款、社会资本与农户贷款可得性的实证研究——基于电白县农户的调查数据

An Empirical Study of Mortgage Loan, Social Capital and Farmers' Loan Availability: Based on Farmers' Survey Data in Dianbai County

首先,通过基于引入社会资本、抵押贷款参数以及Cobb-Douglas函数构建的社会最优贷款模型进行的分析,结果表明社会资本有助于提高农户贷款的可得性。其次,基于所有人、中高收入群体、低收入群体三视角,以及用Logistic模型对农户调查所得数据进行的实证分析,结果表明:从所有人视角看,农户普遍缺乏合格的抵押品,抵押贷款在总体上降低了农户贷款的可得性,而社会资本能增加农村地区的贷款规模;从中高收入群体视角看,较富裕的农户普遍能提供抵押品,有助于提高贷款的可得性;从低收入群体视角看,银行更关注农户的社会资本,社会资本在贷款中的作用大于抵押品,社会资本与贷款可得性呈正相关。目前,在中国的农村,低收入群体占大多数,在农户贷款合约中引入社会资本,将有助于农户贷款难问题的解决。

This paper firstly introduces the parameters of social capital and mortgage loan and the social optimal lending model constructed on the basis of Cobb-Douglas function to conduct an analysis. The results show that social capital helps to improve farmers＇ availability to loans. Secondly, from the perspectives of the three groups, i.e., all the people, the medium to high-income group and the low-income group, it conducts an empirical analysis of the data from the farmers＇ survey with the Logistic model. The result shows that from the perspective of all the people, farmers are generally lacking eligible collateral; the mortgage loans have reduced the availability of loans to farmers in general while social capital can increase the size of loans in rural areas. From the perspective of the medium to high-income group, the richer farmers are generally able to provide collateral, which helps to raise lending availability. From the perspective of the low-income group, banks are more concerned about the social capital of the farmers, and the function of social capital in loans is bigger than the mortgage; social capital is positively correlated with loan availability. At present, the low-income groups are in the majority in China＇s rural areas, to introduce social capital into the farmers＇ loan agreements can help farmers to solve the problem of loan difficulty.