肉豆蔻属植物化学成分和药理活性研究进展

Advances of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Myristica genus

肉豆蔻科肉豆蔻属植物全球约有120余种,分布于南亚,从玻利尼西亚西部、大洋洲、印度东部至菲律宾。国内外学者已从该属植物中分离得到164个化合物,其中大部分是木脂素,此外还包括苯丙素、黄酮和酚类成分等,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌、降血糖、保肝等生物活性。该文总结了该属植物的化学成分和药理活性研究进展,为综合利用与深入开展该药用植物资源提供参考依据。

The genus Myristica （Myristicaceae） consists of 120 species, which were distributed in South Asia, from west Polynesia, Oceania, eastern India to the Philippines. Phytochemical studies showed that 164 compounds including a majority of lignans, along with phenglpropanoids, flavonoids and phenolics, have been isolated from this genus, which exhibited anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hyperglycemic and hepatic protective activities. This article summarizes research progress of the chemical compositions and their pharmacological activities from this genus, which could provide reference for the in-depth development and utilization of the Myristica plants.