民法总则规定民事责任的正当性

The Legitimacy of the Civil Law General Stipulate for Civil Liability

《德国民法典》立法模式的根本特点是按总则分则结构编排民法典。民法总则是对各分则共通事项的规定。作为违反民事义务的法律后果的民事责任在各分则部分都会存在,即使将侵权责任独立成编,也有必要将侵权责任与债务不履行责任的共通事项再抽象出来置于总则中。民法的各项制度是以民事法律关系构建的,民事法律关系是由民事权利、民事义务和民事责任结合而成的,从"权利——义务——责任"的逻辑关系上,民事责任应为民法总则的内容。制定民法总则应以《民法通则》为基础,在总则中规定民事责任符合我国已形成的立法传统。

The provisions of the civil law is the general to the specific provisions of the common issues. As a violation of civil obligations of the legal consequences of civil liability on the part of the sub will continue to exist, even if a separate series of tort liability, tort liability is also necessary to carry out common issues and debt obligations without further abstracted into general provisions . The civil legal system is based on which civil law relationship is built, civil legal relationship is a combination of rights, civil obligations and civil liability which is made from the ＂rights-duty-responsibility＂ logical relationship, and civil liability should be the content of the Civil Code. The total civil law should be developed according to the ＂Civil Law＂, based on the civil liability provisions of the General Provisions of compliance with legislative tradition has been formed.