《通典》“晋太尉进贤三梁冠”小札

An Explanation of the “Three-Rail Advancing-Worthies Cap of Defender-in-Chief in the Jin”in the Comprehensive Institutions

《通典》记载晋世太尉著进贤三梁冠,与《晋书·职官志》《晋百官表注》《晋公卿礼秩》等不合。《通典》这一错误记载本自《晋书·舆服志》,后者则因糅合《续汉书·舆服志》和晋令而成,故保留了一些与晋制不符的记载。汉魏时期,太尉著进贤冠,至西晋初年改著武冠,并为南朝所尊承。太尉首服的这一变化,除以八公制的设立及公分文、武为契机外,还得益于复古改制思潮对秦汉旧制典范意义的消解。

The Comprehensive Institutions（《通典》） records a so-called ＂Three-Rail Advancing-Worthies Cap for Defender-in-Chief in the Jin＂, which turns out to be at odds with a series of other sources, such as ＂Chapter on Official Titles＂ in the History of the Jin, ＂Annotated Diagram of Hundreds of Officials in the Jin＂, and ＂ Ritual Codes of Ministers in the Jin. ＂ This inistake has come from the ＂Chapter on Para- phernalia＂ in the History of the Jin, which inherits the information from the ＂Chapter on Paraphernalia＂ in the History of the Han and mixes it up with the Jin Code. During the Han and Wei periods, Defender- in-Chief wears an Advancing-Worthies Cap. The early years of the Western Jin witnesses a change into a Marshall Cap, which is further carried on in the Southern dynasties. The significance of this transforma- tion is two-fold： on the one hand, it reflects the influence of the establishment of the Eight Dukes and their civilian-military labor division, and on the other, it illustrates how the institutions of the Qin and Han has unraveled due to the antiquarian movement and its aim for a return to the higher antiquity.