组织工程修复关节软骨缺损的实验研究

Experimental study on tissue engineering resurfacing of articular cartilage defect

目的 用组织工程的方法 ,将新生关节软骨细胞先在高分子聚乳酸材料上进行体外培养 ,然后移植于关节软骨缺损处 ,以达到修复关节软骨缺损的目的。方法 取新生新西兰兔关节软骨细胞培养于高分子聚乳酸材料支架上。将 16只兔的 32个膝关节股骨髁处人工造成一 4m m× 6 m m大小缺损 ,并随机分为二组。 组 10只兔 ,2 0个关节缺损 ,用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植修复。 组 6只兔 ,左膝用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植体修复 ,表面覆盖单层软骨细胞 ;右膝仅用高分子聚乳酸材料修复。术后分别于 4、8、12、2 4周取标本进行大体、光镜、组织化学的方法进行结果评估。结果 用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植体能修复关节软骨缺损 ,且为透明软骨。新生软骨组织胶原定型为 型胶原。结论 用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植体移植 。

Objective Tissue engineering by chondrocyte transplantation with biodegradable polylactic acid scaffolds and new cartilage formation after in vitro culture is developed as a new attempt to repair articular cartilage defects.Methods Chondrocytes from newborn New Zealand rabbits were cultured on polylactic acid implants in vitro.4mm×6mm defects were created artificially at 32 knee joints of 16 rabbits and were randomized into 2 groups.20 joint defects of 10 rabbits in Group 1 were repaired by chondrocyte seeded polylactic acid implants.In group 2,the left knee joint defects were repaired by chondrocyte seeded polylactic acid implants while the right knee defects were repaired by polylactic acid implants only.Specimens were collected and assessed grossly,by light microscopy and histochemically at the 4,8,12 and 24th week after operation.Results Joint defects were repaired by chondrocyte seeded polylactic acid implants and the new cartilages were hyalinic.The collagen component in the new cartilage is type Ⅱ collagen.Conclusions Chondrocyte seeded polylactic acid implants can repair articular cartilage defects by forming hyaline cartilage.