从就业基础看河南新型城镇化的政策选择

New Urbanization Policy Options in Henan Province from the Employment Base

新型城镇化的核心是人的城镇化.从就业数量与劳动力供求关系看,由于外出务工人员数量多,河南新型城镇化出现就业支撑不足与招工难并存的逻辑悖论.从就业结构看,虽然总体来看河南非农就业的比重已经很高,但受中国产业结构与经济社会总体发展水平的限制,河南农民工就业层次低且不够稳定,多数农民工仍达不到市民化所需要的收入水平,这就决定了河南的新型城镇化需要随着产业结构的升级与经济社会发展水平的提高逐步推进.就当前的政策选择来看,首先,应不断扩大就业,不断强化新型城镇化的就业基础;其次,应从城镇与农村两方面消除人口城镇化的制度障碍,构建农民转户进城的顺畅渠道,使具备市民化能力的人口愿意进城、能够进城;第三,应进一步深化土地制度改革,让多数农民有机会分享土地增值收益,增加农民资产性收入,提高农民市民化的能力.

From the supply and demand of labor,new urbanization in Henan Province appears a logical paradox between insufficient employment and recruitment difficulties due to the huge number of migrant workers. From the employment structure,limited by the overall level of China’s industrial structure and economic and social development, although with a high proportion of non-agricultural employment,migrant workers of Henan Province is at the low level of employment and not stable enough. The majority of migrant workers can not reach the income level of urbanization. New urbanization in Henan should gradually upgrade industrial structure and promote economic and social development. From the perspectives on current policy choices,on the one hand,we should eliminate the institutional barriers in urban and rural,promote the procession of people with the ability of urbanization. On the other hand we should deepen the reform of the land system,increase the ability of people with the wish of urbanization.