农村空巢老人抑郁及社会支持现状的调查

DEPRESSION OF EMPTY-NEST ELDERLY IN RURAL AREAS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT:A STATUS QUO SURVEY

目的 了解农村空巢老人抑郁及社会支持现状。方法 采用整群分层抽样的方法，选取山东省泗水县空巢老人82例（空巢组）、非空巢老人76例（对照组）作为调查对象，应用自制一般资料问卷、老年抑郁量表（GDS）及社会支持量表（SSRS）调查两组抑郁及社会支持现状。结果 空巢组GDS得分高于对照组，SSRS得分低于对照组，差异有显著性（t=2.651、10.443,P〈0.05）。空巢组不同年龄段SSRS得分均低于对照组，差异有显著性（t=5.313-7.205，P〈0.01）。结论 农村空巢老人抑郁发生率较高，应建立健全社会支持系统，采取针对性措施，促进其身心健康。

Objective To investigate the depression of empty-nest elderly in rural areas and current social support. Methods Using self-made “General information questionnaire”, Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）, 82 empty-nest seniors （empty-nest group） were enrolled in Sishui county of Shandong province, and 76 non-empty-nest seniors served as controls. A survey was carried out in the two groups in terms of depression and social support. Results The average GDS score in empty-nest group was higher than the score in the control group, and score of SSRS was lower, the differences between them were statistically significant （t=2.651,10.443;P〈0.01）. The average SSRS score in the empty-nest group of different-age stages was lower than non-empty-nest group （t=5.313-7.205,P〈0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of depression in empty-nest seniors in rural areas is high, a sound social support system should be established and pertinent measures be taken to promote their physical and mental health.