利用空间诱变技术进行早籼稻新品种的改良

Improvement of Early Indica Rice Varieties by Space Mutagenesis

利用卫星搭载2个早籼稻品系浙105和浙207干种子,进行空间诱变处理。回收后SP2-SP7逐代选择,以主要农艺经济性状改良为目标,结合稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性筛选,获得一批突变品系;选用72对分布于水稻12条染色体上的SSR引物对5个变异株系与原种对照进行DNA分子检测。结果表明：空间诱变对水稻品种产生了不同程度的生理损伤,SP1表型不分离,SP2出现不同程度的变异,SP3起逐代选择获得农艺经济性状、稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性变异株,从中选出得到明显改良的新品系;5个变异株系与原种之间均存在着不同程度的SSR多态性差异。

Dry seeds of two early indica rice varieties, ‘Zhe 105＇ and ‘Zhe 207＇ , were carried into space by breeding satellite Shijian No. 8. Through selection from SP2 - SP7 by each generation for the characters obtained from space mutation, the main agronomic and economic characters of the mutants were observed and studied combined with screening of plant resistance to blast and bacterial leaf blight. 72 pairs of SSR primers on 12 rice chromosomes were applied on polymorphism analysis for 5 mutant lines and the ground control. The results showed that space mutation leads to physiological damage in two rice varieties to different extent. No trait showed segregation in the SP1 generation and various degrees of variation appeared in the SP2generation. Since SP3generation,the new lines which had significantly improved agronomic characters and resistances were selected. The polymorphism was various among 5 mutant lines and the ground control.