室内模拟干旱对大豆萌发性状的影响及抗旱性评价

Effects of Indoor Simulated Drought Stress on Germinal Traits of Soybeans and Evaluation of Drought-Resistant

本试验以22份不同基因型大豆品种（品系）为研究材料,使用快速简便的高渗溶剂聚乙二醇（PEG6000）进行室内模拟干旱胁迫试验,探讨干旱胁迫对不同大豆品种（品系）萌发性状的影响,并采用隶属函数值法对不同品种进行抗旱适应性评价。结果表明干旱胁迫条件下不同生态型大豆品种的吸水率、相对发芽率、相对发芽势、根长指数均比清水对照低。品种间萌发性状存在差异,其中变异系数最大的为相对发芽率,为73%,变异幅度为4.25%-44.56%,变异系数最小的为12h吸水率,为11%,变异幅度为28.54%-48.75%,12h吸水率、相对发芽势、相对发芽率、根长指数与萌发抗旱系数呈极显著正相关,可作为大豆芽期抗旱性鉴定的重要指标。初步鉴选出4个强抗型大豆品种,分别为：晋大74、晋大70、晋大83和晋大73,鉴选出3份敏感型品种,分别为晋大75、黑珍珠、扁茎豆,其他15份品种为中抗型品种。研究结果可为大豆萌发期抗旱性评价提供理论参考。

22 soybean cultivars from different eco-types were collected as test materials, and through indoor simulating drought stress with polyethylene glycol（PEG6000） to study the effect of drought on germinal traits of different soybean cuhivars （strains） , and evaluate the drought-resistant adaptability of different cultivars by subordinate function. Results showed that under water stress, water absorption rate, relative germination rate, relative germination potential and root length index of different eco-types were lower than those of pure water. There was difference between germinal traits of cuhivars; the variation coefficient of relative germination rate was the highest one （73%）, the variation range was 4. 25% -44.56%. The variation coefficient of 12h water absorption rate was the lowest one （11%） , the variation range was 28.54% -48.75%. 12h water absorption rate, relative germination potential, relative germination rate, root length index, were significantly positively correlated with germinal drought-resistant index, which could be the important indexes for evaluation of drought resistance of soybeans in seedling stage. 4 cultivars with strong drought resistance were initiatively selected, they were‘ Jinda74 ＇ ,‘ Jinda70 ＇ , ‘ Jinda80 ＇ , and ‘ Jinda73 ＇ 3 sensitive cultivars were selected, they were ‘Jinda75＇ , ‘Black Pearl＇ and Bianjing： Other 15 varieties （lines） were cultivars with medium drought resistance. The results can provide evaluation of drought resistance of soybeans in germination stage with theoretical reference.