院内感染的发病病原菌与发病因素

The pathogens and risk factors of nosocomial infection

目的具体调查院内感染的发病病原菌与发病因素。方法选择我院2011年1月至2013年4月收治的住院患者180例,都分离痰液标本进行病原菌分析,并且调查了患者的自身相关内容数据。结果细菌培养阳性为23例,院内感染率为12.7%。共分离出致病菌株30株,其中革兰阴性菌16株,革兰阳性菌14株。Logistic分析结果显示APACHEⅡ评分、年龄、免疫状况、术前使用抗生素、基础疾病与住院时间是影响住院患者院内感染的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。结论院内感染患者的病原菌多为革兰氏细菌,其发病因素包括APACHEⅡ评分、年龄、免疫状况、术前使用抗生素、基础疾病与住院时间,要积极加强预防干预。

Objective To investigate the specific pathogen and risk factors of nosoeomial infections. Methods 180 patients hospitalized in our hospital during January 2011 and April 2013 were admitted to this study, isolated pathogens in sputum specimens and investigated the other datas of the patients. Results 23 cases of bacterial culture were positive and nosocomial infection rate was 12.7%. 30 pathogenic strains were isolated, and 16 of them were Gram - negative bacteria, 14 of them were Gram - positive bacteria. Logistic regression analysis showed that APACHE II score, age, immune status, preoperative use of antibiotics, underlying diseases and inpatient hospitalization were the main factors which induced nosoeomial infection （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The main pathogens which induce nosoeomial were Gram bacteria, APACHE II score, age, immune status, preoperative use of antibiotics, underlying diseases and inpatient hospitalization were the main factors which induced nosocomial infection.