专项培训对居家鼻饲老人照护者护理能力的影响

Effect of specific training on the nursing ability of caregivers for elderly living at home with nasal feeding

目的：探讨专项培训对老年鼻饲患者照顾者护理能力的影响效果。方法选择住院治疗老年鼻饲患者的照顾者63名，按患者住院时间分为对照组（n＝32）和干预组（n＝31），对照组给予常规鼻饲护理健康教育，干预组给予专项鼻饲护理培训。比较两组照顾者护理能力得分及受照顾者出院3个月内脱管和并发症发生情况。结果干预前两组照顾者鼻饲护理能力得分比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；出院时干预组鼻饲护理能力得分为（71．45±10．99）分，高于对照组的（56．79±7．31）分，差异有统计学意义（t＝5．288，P＜0．01）。受照顾者出院后3个月，干预组胃管脱管2例，鼻饲并发症10例，均低于对照组的9，20例，差异有统计学意义（χ2分别为5．132，5．773；P＜0．05）。结论专项培训能提高居家鼻饲老人照护者护理能力。

Objective To explore the effect of specific training on the nursing ability of caregivers for elderly living at home with nasal feeding .Methods Sixty-three caregivers for elderly patients with nasal feeding in the hospital were chosen and were divided into the control group （ n=32 ） and the intervention group （ n=31） according to the hospital stays .The control group received the routine health education of nursing of nasal feeding, and the intervention group received the special training of nursing of nasal feeding .The score of the nursing ability of caregivers , and the incidence of tube taking off and complication within three months after the discharge were compared between two groups .Results No difference was found in the score of nursing ability of caregivers between two groups before the intervention （P〉0.05）.The score of nursing ability of caregivers in the intervention group at the time of discharge was （71.45 ±10.99）, and was higher than （56.79 ±7.31） in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （t =5.288, P 〈0.01）.The cases of the occurrence of tube taking off and complication within three months after the discharge in the intervention group were respectively 2, 10 cases, and were lower than 9, 20 in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （χ2 =5.132, 5.773, respectively;P〈0.05）.Conclusions The specific training can improve the nursing ability of caregivers for elderly living at home with nasal feeding .